Gastric Bypass
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Gastric bypass is carry out by stapling the stomach all the way across. In addition small intestine is bypassed. A new outlet for the food from the remaining stomach pouch is created by joining it to the intestine lower down, bypassing the duodenum and a small portion of the jejunum which reduce the time food can be absorbed by the body.
After the gastric bypass operation, weight is lost through three separate mechanisms, which work in combination with one another:
1. The stapling part of the gastric bypass operation reduces the capacity of the stomach, which cuts down the size of meals which can be eaten. After the procedure, people still feel hungry and enjoy their food, but feel full after a much smaller meal than before the surgery. Also gastric bypass operation is designed so that this smaller stomach empties more slowly than the normal stomach. This means that the person does not start to feel hungry sooner, despite having eaten a smaller meal.
2. Normally, the stomach empties its contents into the top of the gut - where special enzymes digest the food. After this gastric bypass procedure, the stomach's contents pass straight to a point further down the gut, then travel some distance before enzymes digest the food. This cuts down the number of calories that are absorbed by the body.
3. After the gastric bypass operation operation, when someone eats too much sugar (such as a large amount of chocolate), the body is tricked by the sugar into releasing too much of a hormone called 'insulin'. This causes blood sugar level to fall, which makes the person feel light-headed and queasy. This leads to a genuine distaste for the wrong types of food and acts as a built-in mechanism to prevent people over-eating the wrong types of food.
Gastric bypass using three effects - smaller meals, poorer absorption of calories, and less craving for sugary foods help to produce a large weight loss.
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